EB23版 - 路透社 H1B to 110,000 Factbox: Major provisions of Senate immigration reform bill By Richard Cowan | |
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发帖数: 126 | 1 路透社 H1B to 110,000
Factbox: Major provisions of Senate immigration reform bill
By Richard Cowan | Reuters – 1 hr 0 mins ago
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By Richard Cowan
(Reuters) - A bipartisan group of eight senators on Tuesday unveiled an
outline of legislation to revamp immigration policy for the first time since
1986.
The proposal has three overriding goals: to create a path to legal status
and ultimately citizenship for millions of undocumented immigrants; to
secure U.S. borders against illegal entry; and to make it easier for
industry, particularly high-tech industry and agriculture, to hire workers
from abroad when needed.
The proposal faces a long, difficult road and scores of amendments in the
Congress, particularly in the House of Representatives.
President Barack Obama has made immigration reform one of his top priorities
for 2013. The Senate Judiciary Committee is expected to move quickly on the
proposal, scheduling hearings for Friday and Monday before opening the
measure up for debate and amendment by the panel, which is controlled by
Democrats.
Senate Democratic leaders hope to debate and pass the legislation in the
full Senate in May. That could set the stage for the House also considering
a bill.
Below are major provisions of the complex Senate legislation:
BORDER SECURITY
* "High-risk" sections of the southern U.S. border with Mexico will be
targeted for increased security. Washington would set a goal of catching or
turning back 90 percent of illegal entries. A high-risk area is defined as
one where apprehensions top 30,000 a year.
* $3 billion in new funds would be provided to improve border surveillance
and detection, add law enforcement officers and operate aerial surveillance.
* Another $1.5 billion in new funds would be used to improve border fencing.
* If the 90 percent effectiveness rate has not been reached during the first
five years after enactment of the law, a new border commission would be
created. It would be staffed by the four border-state governors or their
appointees and experts appointed by bipartisan leaders of Congress.
* The commission would recommend ways to improve security. Washington would
provide another $2 billion to carry out the recommendations.
LEGALIZATION OF UNDOCUMENTED RESIDENTS
* Foreigners living in the United States illegally could apply to adjust
their status to "registered provisional immigrant (RPI) status" within 180
days after enactment, provided the secretary of Homeland Security submits to
Congress a strategy for securing U.S. borders.
* Only those who arrived in the United States before December 31, 2011 could
apply and they would have to pay a $500 fee and back taxes. Those convicted
of felonies or three or more misdemeanors would not be eligible.
* Immigrants who win RPI status could work for any employer and would be
allowed to travel outside the United States.
* RPI status would last for six years and can be renewed.
* After 10 years, those with RPI status can adjust to a permanent resident
status if they are working regularly and speak English. Permanent residents
are among those who under current law may apply for citizenship.
* Two groups would be put on a faster track to permanent resident status:
children brought into the United States illegally and certain farm workers.
They could get "green cards" in five years. The children would be eligible
for citizenship immediately after getting green cards.
FUTURE IMMIGRATION
* About 40 percent of employment-based visas would be allocated to
professionals with advanced degrees to work in the United States in the
sciences, arts and other professions, including certain people with foreign
medical degrees. Those holding graduate degrees in engineering, mathematics,
science and technology from U.S. universities also would be included.
* Employment visas for skilled workers and certain professionals would be
increased to 40 percent of the total. And a new visa would be created for
foreign entrepreneurs who want to start their own companies in the United
States.
* The "V visa" would be expanded to help unify families by allowing foreign
relatives to live in the United States and for certain other family members
to visit the United States for up to 60 days per year.
* Immigrant visas for siblings of U.S. citizens would be repealed 18 months
after the date of enactment.
* A backlog for family and employment-based immigrants would be eliminated.
* A merit-based visa would be created the fifth year after enactment and
would award points to individuals based on education, employment, length of
residence in the United States and other considerations. There would be 120,
000 such visas available annually, with the number rising by 5 percent per
year if demand exceeds supply and the U.S. jobless rate is below 8.5 percent
. It would be capped at 250,000 visas.
OTHER PROVISIONS
* Employers would have to use an "E-Verify" system to ensure that they are
hiring legal workers. It would be phased in over a five-year period.
* The cap on H-1B temporary visas for high-skilled workers would be raised
to 110,000 from a current base limit of 65,000. In future years the cap
could rise to as high as 180,000.
* A new "W-Visa" for low-skilled workers would be created and spouses and
minor children of those workers would be allowed to accompany them to the
United States. The number of visas would be capped for the first four years
at 20,000, 35,000, 55,000 and 75,000 respectively.
* A new government bureau would determine changes to limits on such visas
and devise methods for determining domestic labor shortages in regions.
* Wages for low-skilled immigrant workers would be dictated by either the
wage paid to other employees with similar experience or based on a
prevailing wage level for occupations in geographic regions, whichever is
higher.
* Current undocumented farm workers would be able to win legal status if
they have made a "substantial prior commitment" to farm work in the United
States. A new agricultural guest worker visa program would be created to
ensure an adequate workforce.
(Reporting by Richard Cowan; Editing by Lisa Shumaker) | b*********s
发帖数: 126 | 2 A backlog for family and employment-based immigrants would be eliminated.
你应该把这个放到你标题里去，这才是这里不少人关注热点。
since
【在 v***g 的大作中提到】
: 路透社 H1B to 110,000
: Factbox: Major provisions of Senate immigration reform bill
: By Richard Cowan | Reuters – 1 hr 0 mins ago
: Email
: Share
: Print
: By Richard Cowan
: (Reuters) - A bipartisan group of eight senators on Tuesday unveiled an
: outline of legislation to revamp immigration policy for the first time since
: 1986.
| d*******p
发帖数: 2525 | 3 the question is how? how can the backlog be eliminated? recapture? | d****n
发帖数: 97 | | J*******A
发帖数: 8401 | |
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